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Patented Nov. 6, 1923.

STATES JOHN BRANDWOOD, THOMAS BRANDWOOD, AND JOSEPH BRANDWOOD, or ELTON,BURY, ENGLAND.

PROCESS FOR THE BLEACHING OF YARN WOUND IN COMPACT FORM.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHN BRANnwooD, THOMAS BRANnwooD, and JOSEPHBRAND- woon, subjects of the. King of Great Brit ain and Ireland, andresidents of Elton, Bury, in the county of Lancaster, England, haveinvented certain Improvements in a New and Simplified Process for theBleaching of Yarns Wound in Compact.- Form, of which the following is aspecification.

In the common practice followed in the I bleaching of cotton yams in thewound is washed o form such as on copmfeses, or perforated beams, apreliminary boiling of the yarns with alkali, such as .causticusoda; orsoda ash, is a necessity, in order that the cotton wax in the yarn, andwhich wax makes the yarn water repellent, may be removed so that thesaid yarn may take evenly the subsequent treatment with hypochloritebleaching liquor. Such boiling or wetting out involves considerabledelay, as the duration thereof is from six to twelve hours, and furthera very thorough washing off of the yarns is necessary after this alkalitreatment. These operations not only consume time and prolong thebleaching proc ess but the cost of alkalies, cost of plant, and labourinvolved, are: serious considerations. There is also a risk, unless thewashing oil of the alkalies has been thoroughly effected, of tenderingof the yarn where it comes in contact with metal in the subsequenthypochlorite treatment, e. g., where the yarn is wound on metalperforated tubes, which is necessary when bleaching on the beam or thecheese.

washing off of the yarn after such alkali. In carrying it into effect weput the yarn, in wound form and in the 5 treatment.

dry state as it comes from the winding operation, in a convenientreceptacle, and treat it with hypochlorite bleaching liquor by passingthe latter under pressure through the yarn packages by means of a pump.After the hypochloijj te treatment theoyarn ""Tlie usual souringtreatment after the bleaching liquor treatment is not essential but maybe effected if thought desirable.

The term in a dry state as above used Application filed March 25, 1922.Serial No. 546,813.

and in the claims refers toyarn packages such as yarn wound on beams,cheeses, and other forms of yarn in compact form which have received nopreliminary wetting out and alkaline treatments.

Conveniently, we may, for the purpose of carrying out the process forthe bleaching of yarns wound on a. perforated beam, employ the apparatusdescribed and claimed in the specification of the British Letters PatentNo. 551 of 1913 granted to two of the present applicants and another,and which apparatus comprises a kier, liquid tight seatings foryarn-wound perforated beams within the said kier, means for holding thebeams in position, and pumps adapted to force liquor from the kierthrough the yarns to the interior of the perforated beam, or in thereverse direction. For the bleaching of yarns in cheese form we mayemploy the arrangement described in our specification to our BritishPatent No. 190,- 760 wherein yarn cheese are mounted on vertical rodsand secured thereon, with means for seating and holding the cheesebearing rods in a kieir such as is described in the specification toBritish Letters Patent 551 of 1913 before referred to.

By forcing the bleaching liquor through the yarn packages atconsiderable pressure, we find that the combined chemical and mechanicalaction of the said liquor under pressure, effects, in a perfect manner,the bleaching of the yarns. The pressure sufficient to force the volumeof li uor through the yarn mass is sufficient to e ect our pur pose ofbleaching by the process described, but such pressure may be increasedif found desirable. The liquor may be circulated through the yarns inone or both directions in the manner known in dyeing yarns in the woundform on beams, cheeses and the like, the duration of the processdepending upon the quality of the cotton under treatment.

Although positive pressure of the liquor is preferable, being moresatisfactory as to results and more rapid in effect, the method known indyeing, of exhausting liquor through wound yarns-cops and cheesesmay beemployed, and such suction of liquor through the yarns will be deemed tobe included under the term pressure used in this description.

Although ordinary bleaching liquor may be used for the carrying out ofour presout process, we prefer to use it as prepared according to theprocess disclosed in our specification accompanying application forBritish Letters Patent No. 3039/22 in which the necessary chlorineconstituent is fed direct to a circulating pump through whichalkalinated liquor is passing. This ensures that the bleaching liquorwill enter the bleaching receptacle in a nascent condition, which givesthe best results. Very strong solutions of the liquor can then be usedwithout any danger of weakening or tendering the yarn.

A further point with' regard to our pres-- out process is that we havefound by experiment that dry yarn treated directly with the bleachingliquor under pressure as described, quickly and thoroughly absorbs thewhole of the available chlorine in the said liquor.

After the treatment with bleaching liquor is completed the yarn iswashed off by the circulation of wash water therethrough and any desiredtinting may be effected. The usual souring or acid treatment for theclearing of the bleaching liquor process, is not essential as a step inour process but may be effected if desired.

e claim 1. Process for the bleaching of cotton yarns on the beam, cheeseor other compact wound form, said process consisting in immersing theyarn packages in the dry state, in a 'hypo-chlorite bleaching liquor,and forcing the said liquor through the yarn packages under pressure,with subsequent washing of]? and drying.

2. Process for the bleaching of cotton yarns on the beam, cheese orother compact wound form, said process consisting in immersing the yarnpackages in the dry state, in a hypochlorite bleaching liquor, andforcing the said lquor through the yarn pack ages under pressure, withsubsequent souring, washing off, and drying.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

JOHN BRANDVVOOD. THOMAS BRANDVOOD. JOSEPH BRANDVVOOD.

